Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science

Tae Sook Lee

36 Articles

A study of PCNA Expression in Gastric Adenoma and Adenocarcinoma.: Mi Jin Kim, Won Hee Choi, Tae Sook Lee; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 1995;12(1):1-9. Published online June 30, 1995; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.1995.12.1.1

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Abstract PDF: A monoclonal antibody to PCNA, which can be used on routinely processed tissue, was applied to 25 cases of gastric adenomas and 64 cases of gastric adenocarcinomas in order to diffentiate adenoma and adenocarcinoma and also to evaluate the prognostic value in adenocarcinoma. The results were summerized as follows: The PCNA labelling index was 29.14+/-12.77% in control, 44.09+/-17.11% in adenoma and 80.15+/-10. 69 in adenocarcinoma, resulting in significant increase in adenocarcinoma compared to adenoma. In adenocarcinoma, no significant correlation was observed between PCNA labelling index and histologic grade, and there -was increased tendency of PCNA labelling index in proportion to depth of invasion without statistical significance. The PCNA index was significantly increased in advanced adenocarcinoma compared to early gastric carcinoma, and also in positive nodal metastasis group than in negative group. From above results, the PCNA stain will be able to provide a helpful method for the differential diagnosis between gastric adenoma and adenocarcinoma, and could be a useful prognostic factor in adenocarcinoma if other factors are considered together.

Fine structure and detoxification kinetics in kupffer cells after injection of endotoxin in rats.: Joon Hyuk Choi, Won Hee Choi, Tae Sook Lee; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 1993;10(2):313-337. Published online December 31, 1993; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.1993.10.2.313

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Abstract PDF: The aim of this study was to clarify the role of Kupffer cells in the mechanism of endotoxin-induced liver injury. The study on fine structure of Kupffer cells was performed after the injection of endotoxin. The endotoxin(Escherichia soli lipopolysaccharide 026: B6, 1.5mg/100 g of body weight) was intraperitoneally injected in Sprague-Dewley rats. Animals were sacrificed at 1/4, 1/2, 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 24, 72 and 120 hours after the injection of endotoxin. Livers were extirpated and processed to be examined by light and electron microscopy. The results obtained were summerized as follows: Early changes observed in liver after endotoxin injection included the increased number and hypertrophy of Kupffer cells, infiltration of neutrophils and presence of fibrin thrombi within the sinusoids. The coritinuous increase of the Kupffer cells in number with hypertrophy, congestion and infiltration of inflammatory cells within the sinusoids were observed. Hepatocytes showed* fatty change and occasional necrosis. At 72 hours the congestion decreased. At 120 hours the number of Kupffer cells was increased, but the morphology of Kupffer cells became similar to that of the control group. The numbers and sizes of primary and secondary lysosomes and amount of euchromatin of Kupffer cells increased. Swellings and increase in number of mitochondria, Golgi complex, smooth endoplasmic reticulum, rough endoplasmic reticulum were evident. Microthrombi were present within the sinusoids. The swelling of rough endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria, decrease of glycogen particles, fatty change, hypoxic vacuoles, pyknotic nuclei and occasional necrosis were observed in hepatocytes. At 72 hours the number of secondary lysosomes in Kupffer cells decreased. At 120 hours the morphology of Kupffer cells became similar to that of the control group. According to these results, it was postulated that the endotoxin was initially taken up by pinocytosis into Kupffer cells and degraded in secondary lysosomes of activated Kupffer cells. Kupffer cells may play an important role in the defense mechanism of liver during endotoxemia. The dysfunction of Kupffer cells and ischemia by sinusoidal microthrombi may cause liver injury.

Intraoperative Pathologic Consultation .: Won Hee Choi, Tae Sook Lee; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 1993;10(1):18-27. Published online June 30, 1993; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.1993.10.1.18

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Abstract PDF: No abstract available.

Histopathologic consideration of hepatocellular carcinoma.: Hae Joo Nam, Dong Suk Kim, Won Hee Choi, Tae Sook Lee; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 1992;9(2):351-358. Published online December 31, 1992; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.1992.9.2.351

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Abstract PDF: Hepatocellular carcinoma represents approximately 90% of the primary liver cancers. Recently, its incidence tends to be increased. Thirsty seven cases from 1986 to 1991 diagnosed as hepatocellular carcinoma by resection were analyzed to know their histopathologic feature and related clinical findings. The average age at the time of resection was 53.1 years, with frequent occurrence in third and fourth decades. Microscopically, the trabecular type was the most frequent growth pattern (35.1%) and classic hepatocyte-like cell type was the most frequent cell type (75.7%). The tumors are mainly moderately differentiated and frequently associated with liver cirrhosis. In comparison of cytological differentiation with liver cirrhosis, there was a tendency for well-differentiated tumors to arise in cirrhotic livers more often than poorly differentiated tumors, and the tendency was statistically significant. But differentiation and tumor size did not show significant correlation. Also statistically significant correlations were not observed between the level of alpha-fetoprotein and tumor size, and between the level of alpha-fetoprotein and differentiation.

Ultrastructural changes of fat-storing cells in experimental hepatic fibrosis.: Mi Jin Kim, Won Hee Choi, Tae Sook Lee; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 1992;9(2):224-238. Published online December 31, 1992; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.1992.9.2.224

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Abstract PDF: Hepatic fibrosis was induced in Sprague-Dawley rate to evaluate the ultrastructural changes of fat-storing cells (Ito cells). For experimental induction of liver fibrosis, the rats were administered intraperitoneally with 0.5 ml of 50% Ccl4 solution per Kg body weight, twice weekly for 12 weeks. The rats were sacrificed every week. The liver tissues were examined under light and electron microscopes. And the immunohistochemical study of desmin was also performed. The results were summarized as follows: Light microscopic findings: The cellular infiltrations was inflammatory cells and Kupffer cells developed from 1 week after Ccl4 injection, and were the most severe in 4 weeks. The strong immunoreactivity for desmin was also evident in 4 weeks. The centrilobular necrosis and fibrosis developed from 2 weeks after injection, and the necrosis persisted until 8 weeks. The progress of fibrosis was accompanied by decreases in cellular infiltration and reactivity for desmin, and increased gradual nodular formation was also observed. The cirrhosis was developed after 10 weeks. Electron microscopic findings: An increase in number of fat-storing cells was observed from 1 week after injection. Transitional cells characterized by a depletion of lipid droplets and a hypertrophy of the rER appeared after 2 weeks. The number of transitional cells with abundant collagen fibers in the extracellular spaces increased in 4 weeks. With progression of fibrosis the number of fat-strong cells decreased and proliferating fibroblasts with dilated rER were observed. According to these results it was revealed that there was an apparent transition from fatstrong cells to transitional cells and to fibroblasts. These cells had a few similar characteristics and may belong to the same cell population. Thus it was suggested that fatstrong cells might play an important role in hepatic fibrosis.

Effect of phenobarbital pretreatment on the hepatotoxicity of carbon tetrachloride in rat.: Young Soo Byun, Hae Joo Nam, Mi Jin Kim, Dong Suk Kim, Won Hee Choi, Tae Sook Lee; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 1992;9(1):137-148. Published online June 30, 1992; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.1992.9.1.137

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Abstract PDF: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of phenobarbital (PB) on hepatotoxic effect of carbon tetrachloride (CCI4) which induces centrilobular necrosis in liver. Rats were injected intraperitoneally CCI4 dissolved in olive oil by a dose of 0.4 mg/kg. For change related to PB pretreatment, rats were injected CCI₄ 0.4mg/kg after PB pretreatment. The liver samples were taken in 6, 12, 24, 48, 72 and 120 hours after CCI₄ and/ or PB injection. Extracted liver tissue was examined with light and electron microscopes. The results were summarized as follows: 1. Light microscopic findings: In CCI₄ group, centrilobular necrosis developed from 6 hours after injection, was the most severe in 48 hours, and recovered after 72 hours. In addition to necrosis, fatty change and pale cell change were accompanied. In PB-CCI4 group, necrosis occurred from 6 hours after CCI₄ injection and continued to 72 hours, and the degree of necrosis was more severe than that of CCI₄ group and pale cell change was decreased. 2. Electron microscopic findings: In CCI4 group, the early principal change was clumping and vesicular dilatation of endoplasmic reticulum. In PB-CCI₄ group, the degenerative change of endoplasmic reticulum was aggravated and the mitochondria also revealed severe degenerative change. According to the results, it was revealed that CCI₄ hepatotoxicity primarily began with the damage of endoplasmic reticulum, then damage of other cell organelles and cell necrosis followed, and these cytotoxic effects were aggravated by PB pretreatment.

Effects of carbon tetrachloride on structures in hepatocytes following DMN induced hepatotoxicity.: Young Chun Kang, Hae Joo Nam, Dong Suk Kim, Won Hee Choi, Tae Sook Lee; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 1991;8(2):84-94. Published online December 31, 1991; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.1991.8.2.84

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Abstract PDF: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of high dose carbon tetrachloride (CCI4) on the hepatotoxic effect of dimethylnitrosamine (DMN) which induces acute hemorrhagic necrosis in liver. Rats were injected intraperitoneally DMN dissolved in physiologic saline by a dose of 40 mg/kg. For changes related to CCI⁴ pretreatment, rats were injected intraperitoneally CCI⁴ dissolved in olive oil by a dose of 0.4 mg/kg, and then injected DMN. The livers were extracted from the rats 3, 6, 12, 24, 48, 72, and 120 hours after CCI⁴ and/ or DMN injection. Liver tissues were examined with light and electron microscopes. The results were summarized as follows; Light microscopic findings: Severe centrilobular hemorrhagic necrosis developed from 12 hours after injection of DMN and continued to 120 hours. On injection of DMN after CCI4 pretreatment, Massive necrosis occurred early. But active regenerative changes were produced in 24 hours. In 120 hours, the liver recovered in almost normal appearance. The degree of necrosis in pretreated group was similar to that in DMN injection only, and the time of recovery was faster in pretreated group. Electron microscopic findings: The early change was mainly disorganization of RER in DMN injection, and clumping and vesicular dilatation of ER in injection of CCI4. In pretreatment group, the early change was similar in appearance with CCI4 group, but severer in degree. According to the results, it was revealed that acute toxic effect of DMN was recovered more rapidly in pretreatment group. Thus it was suggested that CCI4 had protective effect in DMN hepatotoxicity.

Histopathological study of gastric adenoma.: Dong Sug Kim, Hae Joo Nam, Won Hee Choi, Tae Sook Lee, Moon Kwan Chung; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 1991;8(2):76-83. Published online December 31, 1991; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.1991.8.2.76

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Abstract PDF: A total of 53 gastric adenomas from endoscopically biopsied gastric mucosa were examined histopathologically. The average age at the time of endoscopic biopsy was 59 years, and gastric adenomas were found to be more frequent in the aged, particularly above the age of 50. The majority of adenomas occurred at the antrum. Concerning the shape of the adenomas, Yamada type II was more frequent (55%). All adenomas were accompanied by varying degree of intestinal metaplasia, and this findings suggest that gastric adenoma develops from intestinal metaplasia. In adenomas with severe atypia (grade III), endocrine cells (argyrophil and argentaffin cells) were markedly decreased or absent. Gastric adenocarcinomas coexistent with adenoma were seen in 5 (9.4%) out of 53 cases, and were more frequent in male than female patients (sex ratio, 4:1) and the average age was 61.4 years. It is suggested that there is a necessity of thorough follow-up study for definitive correlation between gastric adenoma and adenocarcinoma.

Metastatic tumors in supraclavicular lymph node: pathological analysis of 125 cases.: Dong Sug Kim, Hae Joo Nam, Won Hee Choi, Tae Sook Lee; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 1991;8(2):70-75. Published online December 31, 1991; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.1991.8.2.70

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Abstract PDF: Supraclavicular lymph nodes are unique in that they can attract metastases from almost anywhere in the body and most common sites of metastasis from an unknown primary source. 125 cases which had been diagnosed as metastatic supraclavicular lymph node during the period between May 1983 and August 1991, were analyzed pathologically, and following distinctive characteristics could be outlined: 1) The most frequent sites of metastasis from primary lesions are lung (43%), stomach (23%), lymphoreticular (6%), biliary (5%), esophagus (2%), and pancreas (2%). 2) Histologic examination of metastatic supraclavicular lymph node revealed adenocarcinoma (57%), squamous cell carcinoma (12%), undifferentiated carcinoma (9%), small cell carcinoma (7%), malignant lymphoma (6%), malignant melanoma (1%) and undetermined carcinoma (8%). 3) In cases that histologic types were squamous cell carcinoma, undifferentiated carcinoma, small cell carcinoma and undetermined carcinoma, the most frequent primary site was lung.

Nucleolar organizer regions in glioma.: Hae Joo Nam, Dong Suk Kim, Won Hee Choi, Tae Sook Lee; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 1991;8(2):63-69. Published online December 31, 1991; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.1991.8.2.63

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Abstract PDF: Nucleolar organizer regions (NOR) are loops of ribosomal DNA (rDNA) which are transcribed by RNA polymerase I. They produce ultimately ribosome and protein. Thus they are believed to reflect nuclear activity. We applied silver colloid staining technique to human glioma to examine relationship between the mean number of Ag-NOR and histopathological grading. The mean number of Ag-NOR (±S. E of the mean) were 1.17±0.07 in normal brain, 1.53±0.25 in astrocytoma, 2.37±0.71 in malignant astrocytoma. And 2.88±0.41 in glioblastoma multiforme. And there was a statistically significant difference among these. The results show that Ag-NOR technique is a rather simple and rapid method and will become a helpful tool for estimation of the proliferative potential of glioma.

Computerization of Surgical Pathology Work.: Dong Sug Kim, Won Hee Choi, Tae Sook Lee; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 1990;7(1):215-219. Published online June 30, 1990; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.1990.7.1.215

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Abstract PDF: The authors developed a comfortable program for routine work of surgical pathology. We used IBM PC (80386) and Foxbase plus program. The main function of this program was automatic coding and concurrent surgical report printing. During gross printing, previous biopsy number and its diagnosis were automatically searched and printed below gross description. The reported data were stored during surgical report printing simultaneously, and thus the typist's workload became considerably reduced. Search for specific cases could be performed by patient's name, surgical number, hospital number, diagnostic code numbers (SNOMED code micro glossary), and certain disease entities on very short duration.

A Human Case of Hepatic Resection for Liver Fascioliasis in Korea.: Hong Jin Kim, Sung Kyun Roh, Min Chul Shim, Koing Bo Kwun, Heun Ju Lee, Jae Chun Chang, Tae Sook Lee; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 1990;7(1):165-171. Published online June 30, 1990; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.1990.7.1.165

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Abstract PDF

Human Fasciola hepatica infection is a rare entity involving infestation of the liver and biliary tree with adult flukes, which can result in hepatitis, cirrhos is and biliary tract inflammation, obstruction and lithiasis. The patient had the typical diagnostic tetrad of fever, eosinophilic leukocytosis, tender hepatomegaly and fluke ova in the stools. Treatment consists of Emetine hydrochloride hydrochloride administration for hepatic involvement and common bile duct exploration for removal of flukes, with cholecystectomy for associated cholelithiasis. The combination of medical and surgical therapy can be expected to produce an arrest of this infection. The removed liver revealed eggs of the fasciola species in the intrahepatic bile duct. The clinical history, pathological findings and treatment of this case were described.

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Subcutaneous fascioliasis: a case report
E C Chang, H L Choi, Y W Park, Y Kong, S Y Cho
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.1991; 29(4): 403. CrossRef

Sclerosing hemangioma of lung: 3 case report.: Dong Sug Kim, Won Hee Choi, Tae Sook Lee; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 1990;7(1):145-149. Published online June 30, 1990; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.1990.7.1.145

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Abstract PDF: Sclerosing hemangioma of the lung is uncommon benign neoplasm of uncertain histogenesis. Their radiologic appearance is relatively distinct and well defined. Recently we experienced 3 cases of sclerosing hemangioma of the lung in 54, 52, 51 years old women. The light microscopic findings are similar to the features reported by Liebow and Hubbell (1956).

The Comparison of Histopathology of Cats Received Conventional Mechanical Ventilation and High Frequency Oscillation Ventilation.: Kwan Ho Lee, Young Jo Kim, Jae Chun Chung, Hyun Woo Lee, Hae Joo Nam, Tae Sook Lee; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 1989;6(2):39-46. Published online December 31, 1989; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.1989.6.2.39

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Abstract PDF: The tracheobronchial histopathologic findings in 7 healthy cats used with high frequency oscillation ventilation (HFOV) were compared with those in 6 cats used with conventional mechanical ventilation (CMV). 4-point, 9-variable scoring system was used to evaluate the injury in the trachea, right & left main bronchi and parenchyma. The following results were obtained; 1) The tracheobronchial tree received HFOV had no significant damage compared with CMV (P>0.05). 2) Intraepithelial mucus loss and emphysema were slightly more prominent in CMV groups. As above results; the tracheobronchial histopathologic difference was not prominent between CMV and HFOV groups received with relatively short period, however, the cellular of function and barotrauma may be more prominent in CMV groups. From now on, as causes of tracheobronchial injury in HFV, interaction between humidification and mechanical trauma considers further study.

Three Cases of Primary Adenosquamous Carcinoma of Stomach.: Joon Hyuk Choi, Mi Jin Kim, Hae Joo Nam, Won Hee Choi, Tae Sook Lee; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 1988;5(2):189-193. Published online December 31, 1988; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.1988.5.2.189

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Abstract PDF: Adenosquamous carcinoma of stomach is a mixed glandular-epidermoid tumor where both components are neoplastic. Its incidence is extremely rare. The five theories on the origin of squamous components are 1) island of ectopic squamous epithelium in the gastric mucosa, 2) squamous metaplasia of gastric epithelium, 3) squamous differentiation in a preexisting adenocarcinoma, 4) endothelial cell differentiated toward squamous elements, and 5) totipotential undifferentiated cells of the gastric mucosa. We experienced three cases of adenosquamous carcinoma. Case 1 was a 71-year-old female patient; an ulcerative lesion was present in the pylorus, measuring 5 cm in diameter. Case 2 was a 57-year-old male patient; an ulcerative lesion is present in the pylorus, measuring 6 cm in diameter. Case 3 was a 58-year-old female patient; an ulcerative lesion was present in the body and fundus, measuring 10 cm in diameter. Microscopic examination revealed a mixed malignant squamous and adenomatous component.

Clinical and Histopathological Studies on Carcinoma of the Uterine Cervix in Taegu.: Joon Hyuk Choi, Won Hee Choi, Suk Jae Hong, Tae Sook Lee; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 1988;5(2):121-128. Published online December 31, 1988; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.1988.5.2.121

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Abstract PDF: Clinical and histopathological studies were made on 202 cases of malignancy of cervix, that were visited to the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yeungnam University Hospital, during 5 years from 1983 to 1987. The results were summarized as follows. 1. Malignancies of the uterine cervix were 10% of total female malignancies. 2. Among 202 cases, 195 cases (96.5%) were squamous cell carcinoma, in which 60 cases (30.0%) of carcinoma in situ, 9 cases (4%) of microinvasive, and 126 cases (62.5%) of invasive carcinoma were included. 3. The average age of the patients with squamous cell carcinoma was 49.4 years old; In case of carcinoma in situ, it was 43.8, microinvasive, 40.0, invasive 52.1 years old. 4. Clinical symptoms of the patient with squamous cell carcinoma in order of frequency were as follows; vaginal bleeding (47.5%), abnormal cytology (15.4%), and abnormal vaginal discharge (9.4%). 5. Duration of the chief complaints was most commonly less than 6 months (73.2%), and the average duration was 3.8 months. 6. The most common age of marriage was between 19 to 22 years old (46.5%). The average was 21.5 years old. 7. The gravity was 51.5% in 5-8 times, and average 6.2 times. The parity was 61.9% in 1-4 times, and average 3.9 times. 8. The subdivision of 126 cases of invasive carcinoma was made according to FIGO stage classification, stage I, 40 cases (31.8%), stage II, 54 cases(42.9%), stage III, 11 cases (8.7%), and stage IV, 8 cases (6.3%). 9. The histologic subtypes of invasive squamous cell carcinoma were distributed as follows; large cell keratinizing type, 25 cases (19.8%), large cell nonkeratinizing type, 101 cases (80.2%). 10. In the cytologic diagnosis, class I was 2 cases (1.9%), class II was 16 cases (15.1%), class III was 33 cases (31.1%), class IV was 31 cases (29.3%), class V was 24 cases (24.6%). 11. The frequency of lymph node metastasis was 7.5% in stage I, and 11.1% in stage II.

Graves' disease Associated with Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpura and Iron Deficiency Anemia.: Jong Myung Kim, Sung Chul Yun, Soo Bong Choi, Hyun Woo Lee, Kyeong Dong Kim, Chung Sook Kim, Hei Joo Nam, Won Hee Choi, Tae Sook Lee; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 1988;5(1):173-179. Published online June 30, 1988; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.1988.5.1.173

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Abstract PDF: Since 1931, sporadic reports have appeared noting an apparent association between hyperthyroidism and idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura. Recent various studies suggested that these two diseases may share a similar immunologic background, but the exact mechanism is still a matter of speculation. This 22-year-old female patient visited this hospital because of general weakness and purpura of legs for 2 months. The laboratory findings were compatible with Graves' disease associated with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura. The platelet count was 16000/mm³, hemoglobin was 10.9 g/dl and MCV was 60.1fL. T3 was 490.53 ng/dL, T4 was 24 ug/dL and free T4 was 5.66 ng/dL. Antiplatelet antibody and antimicrosomal antibody were positive. The bone marrow findings were compatible with iron deficiency anemia and idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura. The thyroid biopsy showed adenomatous goiter. She was administered with propylthiouracil, Beta-blocker, iron and prednisolon. On the 10th hospital day, platelet count was 184000/mm³, hemoglobin was 12.0 gm/dL and MCV was 67.5 fL. On the 20th hospital day, T4 was 10.35 ug/dL and free T4 was 2.30 ng/dL. Therefore she was discharged and followed up.

Four Cases of Primary Malignant Melanoma of the Nasal Cavity.: Mi Jin Kim, Hae Joo Nam, Won Hee Choi, Tae Sook Lee; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 1988;5(1):135-139. Published online June 30, 1988; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.1988.5.1.135

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Abstract PDF: The primary malignant melanoma of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses is extremely rare and accounts for only between 0.6 and 2.5% of the total number of malignant melanoma at all sites. In the nose, the left side is involved in 60% of cases and the most frequent site is the septum followed by the inferior and middle turbinates. In the sinuses, the maxillary sinus is the site of origin 80% of cases, followed by ethmoid sinus. The tumors are sessile or polypoid, with variable color such as pink, white, brown or blank. Of all tumors, 10-30% are amelanotic, requiring special stains for melanin. When primary site of melanoma is mucosal origin, treatment of primary lesion is often hampered by anatomic restrictions and large size, which results from the delayed diagnosis caused by their location. We report 4 cases of primary malignant melanoma of nasal cavity with review of literature.

Histiocytic Medullary Reticulosis.: Kyoung Hee Lee, Myung Soo Hyun, Young Jo Kim, Bong Sup Shim, Kyung Dong Kim, Chung Sook Kim, Won Hee Choi, Tae Sook Lee; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 1987;4(2):165-172. Published online December 31, 1987; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.1987.4.2.165

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Abstract PDF: The term histiocytic medullary reticulosis first was introduced by Scott and Robb-Smith. It is a clinicopathologic syndrome characterized by wasting, fever, lymphadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly, pancytopenia, and is often accompanied by jaundice, purpura. Cardinal pathologic feature are systemized proliferation of atypical, neoplastic, erythrophagocytic D. We are here reporting one case which considered compatible for HMR, with a few elementary reviewed literatures.

Histopathological Studies on Tumors of Testis in the Taegu Area.: Suk Jae Hong, Tae Sook Lee, Won Hee Choi; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 1987;4(2):149-154. Published online December 31, 1987; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.1987.4.2.149

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Abstract PDF: For evaluation on the histopathologic studies and age distribution of the testicular tumors in the Taegu area, the inguinal orchidectomized materials were collected at the Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, and the analyzed results were as follows: 1. In total of 11 cases of orchidectomized materials, germ cell tumors are 10 cases (90.9%). In germ cell tumors according to the histologic types, seminoma was 5 cases (45.5%), and embryonal carcinoma, 3 (27.2%). 2. The highest age incidence of the group is 20th and 30th, and the next, 50th and 10th.

Morphologic Change of Rat Liver Induced by Repeated Administration of Carbon Tetrachloride and Dimethylnitrosamine.: Tae Sook Lee; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 1987;4(1):89-96. Published online August 31, 1987; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.1987.4.1.89

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Abstract PDF: Carbon tetrachloride and dimethylnitrosamine, both potent hepatotoxic agents, affect the hepatic lobules with fatty changes and central necrosis, and hemorrhagic necrosis. To study the effects on morphologic changes of the hepatic lobules in cases of single and repeated treatment of both hepatotoxins, sublethal doses of carbon tetrachloride, 0.4ml/kg, and dimethyl nitrosamine, 40 mg/kg of rats were given introperitoneally single, twice and triple. With interval of 3 days, and the results were as follows: 1. The fatty changes and central necrosis of the hepatic lobules were milder and more quickly disappeared in the rats with twice or triple treatment than single administration of carbon tetrachloride, and regenerative changes of hepatic and sinusoidal cells achieved fater in the rats with repeated administration of carbon tetrachloride than those with single treatment. 2. The hemorrhagic necrosis of the hepatic lobules was not significantly influenced by the times of DMN treatment, but the hyperplastic changes showed more active to animals, with multiple administration of DMN.

Changes in Blood Glucose and Electrolyte During Open Heart Surgery.: Byeung Lyeul Yoo, Heung Dae Kim, Tae Sook Lee; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 1987;4(1):65-74. Published online August 31, 1987; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.1987.4.1.65

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Abstract PDF: This study deals with the changes in the concentrations of blood glucose and electrolytes during open heart surgery. Blood glucose and electrolytes in connection with age, disease and anesthetic period were measured in 25 patients about to undergo heart surgery which were performed between June 1986 and August 1986 in Yeungnam University Hospital. Because glucose solution is commonly used as priming solution, and the priming solution is hyperglycemic and hyperosmolar, glucose level of priming solution in this study was adjusted to 100-200 mg% level to minimize hyperglycemic and hyperosmolar effect. The following results were obtained. 1. Glucose level of priming solution before extracorporeal circulation was 151.6+31.3 mg%. 2. With body cooing, blood glucose level was elevated. As duration of extracorporeal circulation is prolonged, blood glucose level was elevated more, but no difference between age and diseases were observed. On warning, blood glucose level was progressively lowered. 3. Despite the low serum potassium level during by-pass, the potassium level was progressively elevated following by pass, cut the serum potassium level was low compared to control values. Elevated calcium level was maintained during by pass.

Study of Relationship between Histologic Findings and Variation of Number of Mast cell in Psoriasis.: Byung Chun Mun, Jong Soo Choi, Ki Hong Kim, Tae Sook Lee; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 1987;4(1):49-57. Published online August 31, 1987; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.1987.4.1.49

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Abstract PDF: To evaluate whether mast cells are involved in developing pathologic feature of psoriasis, 60 biopsy specimens of patients with psoriasis were analyzed. They had not been treated for at least 1 week before skin biopsy. Histological findings in early and fully developed lesions and numbers of mast cells in their dermal papillae were investigated. The results were as follows: 1. In epidermal changes of psoriatic lesions, parakeratosis and acanthosis revealed different findings between early lesions and fully developed lesions. While early lesions revealed mounds of parakeratosis and mild to moderate acanthosis, fully developed lesions revealed confluent parakeratosis and moderate to severe acanthosis. In dermal changes of psoriatic lesions, papillomatosis revealed different findings between early developed lesions and fully developed lesions. While early lesions revealed normal to moderate papillomatosis, fully developed lesions revealed moderate to severe papillomatosis. 2. Degree of acanthosis is related to the degree of papillomatosis. The more increase in the degree of acanthosis, papillomatosis, and parakeratosis, mast cell numbers in dermal papillae were more increased. 3. Mast cell numbers in dermal papillae were more increased in fully developed lesions than early lesions. 4. These findings suggest that mast cell may play an active role in developing pathologic finding of psoriasis.

A Case of Metastatic Carcinoma of the Skin.: Byung Chun Mun, Kae Yong Hwang, Jong Soo Choi, Won Hee Choi, Tae Sook Lee; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 1986;3(1):357-360. Published online December 31, 1986; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.1986.3.1.357

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Abstract PDF: We report a case of metastatic carcinoma of the skin in 62-year-old male who showed multiple nodules on the anterior chest, scalp, face and left axilla for 2 months duration. He suffered from lower abdominal discomfortness for 6 months. Histopathologic findings revealed atypical cell nests and some tubular or glandular formation in the dermis and subcutaneous fat tissue. Material in the lumen showed diastase resistant and PAS positive, and alcian blue positive at pH 2.4, but negative pH 0.4. So it represented sialomucin. We did not find primary site of malignant tumor. In view of clinical and histopathological findings, it was considered to be originated from the large intestine.

Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis: One Case Report.: T J Park, Hyun Sik Min, Bo Yang Suh, Koing Bo Kwun, Tae Sook Lee; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 1986;3(1):351-355. Published online December 31, 1986; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.1986.3.1.351

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Abstract PDF: Sclerosing cholangitis is an uncommon disease which involves either all or part of the exrahepatic biliary duct system and, occasionally, affects the intrahepatic biliary radicles. The disease has also been called “obliterative cholangitis” and “stenosing cholangitis”, in reference to a progressive thickening of the bile duct walls encroaching upon the lumen. Several authors have proposed that the term “primary sclerosing cholangitis” be reserved for cases in which there are no associated diseases, and that all other cases be classified as “secondary sclerosing cholangitis.” Many rigid criterias have been established for the diagnosis of primary sclerosing cholangitis. Recently the authors experienced one case of primary sclerosing cholangitis which was coincided with rigid criterias and was confirmed by operation with histologic examination. We present our case and review the literatures.

Frozen Section: Application in the Surgical Pathology.: Won Hee Choi, Tae Sook Lee, Suk Jae Hong; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 1986;3(1):179-183. Published online December 31, 1986; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.1986.3.1.179

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Abstract PDF: The frozen section technique is a means of intraoperative pathological diagnosis, and a procedure of great value to the surgeon. This method should be accurate, rapid and reliable. This method serves useful purposes, such as determining the presence of tumor, its type (especially whether it is benign or malignant), the adequacy of a biopsy of a suspected lesion, and the conditions of the surgical margins. But, it bears many disadvantages, the most of which is the danger of incorrect diagnosis. We studied the indications, the limitations, and the accuracy of the frozen section method and the materials studies was total of frozen section diagnosis of 809 cases was 98.1% with 0.5% of false negative, 0% of false positive 0.5% of incorrect histological diagnosis or grading errors, and 0.9% of deferred cases. The tissues submitted were lymph node, gastrointestinal tract, skin subcutaneous tissues in decreasing oder of frequency. The false positive case is not present, while the false negative cases were 4.

Histopathological Study of Carcinoma of the Colorectum in the Taegu Area.: Hae Joo Nam, Won Hee Choi, Tae Sook Lee, Suk Jae Hong; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 1986;3(1):33-39. Published online December 31, 1986; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.1986.3.1.33

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Abstract PDF: A clinical and statistical study was done for 123 patients with histologically proven colorectal malignant tumor from 1983 to 1986 at the department of anatomical pathology. Yeungnam University Hospital. The results were as follows: 1. Ratio between male and female was 1.6:1 and incidence was most prevalent in 7th decades comprising 29.3%. 2. Location of tumor was the most frequent in rectum (65%). 3. Frequent symptoms and signs in case of right colon were pain, abdominal mass and bowel habit change. In left colon, they were pain, bowel habit change and bloody stool or melena. In rectum, they were bloody stool or melena, bowel habit change and pain. 4. Duration of symptom was 1 to 3 months (33.3%). 5. The most frequent histological type was adenocarcinoma (82.9%). 6. According to Duke's classification, 32.9% of the tumor were stage C2. 7. Operative procedures were Mile's operation (47.0%), right hemicolectomy (19.8%), and lower anterior resection (11.7%). 8. Polyps were the most frequent associated disease. 9. The most common complication was wound infection (11.1%).

A Case Combined Germ Cell Tumor in Testis.: Hae Joo Nam, Won Hee Choi, Tae Sook Lee, Jun Gyu Suh, Kyung Chul Lee; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 1985;2(1):293-297. Published online December 31, 1985; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.1985.2.1.293

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Abstract PDF: Primary germ cell tumor of the testis is rare, which occupies 1 to 2% of all reported malignant male neoplasms. Combined primary germ cell tumor of the testis composed of embryonal carcinoma and seminoma is more rare tumor. The authors experienced a case of 50-year old male who presented with painless enlargement of right testicle. He has had radical orchiectomy and diagnosed by pathologically as combined germ cell tumor of testis. The testicle is measuring 180 gm in weight and 9×6×5 cm in dimension, and almostly replaced by tumor mass. Grossly the tumor is rubbery solid smooth tumor mass, with variegated cut surface with geographically outlined diffuse necrotic area. Histologically the tumor is composed of two components of tumor, which are solid growth pattern of large round to polyhedral cells with clear or granular cytoplasm and distinct cell border, and anastomosing glandular and papillary arrangement of anaplastic epithelial cells. The former corresponds to seminoma, and the latter to embryonal carcinoma. Each tumor lobule is separated by abundant fibrous stroma.

Leiomyosarcoma of Small Intestine: Two Cases Report with Literatural Review.: Yong Sik Chung, Bo Yang Suh, Koing Bo Kwun, Tae Sook Lee; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 1985;2(1):281-286. Published online December 31, 1985; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.1985.2.1.281

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Abstract PDF: Small bowel malignancy consists 1~2% of overall gastrointestinal tract cancer and leiomyosarcomas of small intestine are 10~20% of small bowel malignancy. Small bowel leiomyosarcomas are rare in incidence and have no specific symptoms, signs or definite radiologic findings, so it is not easy to diagnose at early stage of disease. They are found occasionally by unknown origined gastrointestinal bleeding, abdominal pain, intestinal obstruction, perforation and palpable mass, and diagnosed mostly by operation. Recently annual case reports are increasing trend in Korea. We experienced two cases of small bowel leiomyosarcomas which was diagnosed finally by pathologic findings, so we report them with literatural review.

A Case of Neuroblastoma Presenting with Sudden Blindness.: In Youl Ma, Jeong Ok Hah, Chun Dong Kim, Tae Sook Lee; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 1985;2(1):259-264. Published online December 31, 1985; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.1985.2.1.259

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Abstract PDF: Neuroblastoma is the most common extracranial solid tumor of childhood which presents various clinical symptoms depending on the primary and metastatic sites. However, it has been rarely reported that sudden onset of blindness was the chief complaint of neuroblastoma. A four years old boy was admitted to the Yeungnam University Hospital with the chief complaint of a sudden onset of blindness due to a distant metastasis of abdominal neuroblastoma to the sphenoid sinus. On admission, both side pupils were dilated without light reflex, fundoscopy showed pale optic disk, electroretinogram was subnormal and visual evoked potential showed no response. The liver was palpable in 3 ½ finger breadth from the right costal margin and adult fist sized mass was palpable in the right flank. Skull X-ray showed destructed sphenoid bone and clinoid process and brain CT scan showed tumor mass in the sphenoid sinus and left orbit. Ultrasonogram and CT scan of the abdomen showed large tumor masses around the right kidney and para-aortic and retropancreatic lymph node. IVP showed displaced right calyceal system with preserved contour. Left supraclavicular lymph node which appeared after admission was biopsied and it showed poorly differentiated neuroblasts. He was treated according to the multiagent chemotherapy schedule for stage IV neuroblastoma patient of children's cancer study group. Abdominal tumor masses and sphenoid sinus mass were markedly reduced after 2 courses of the combination chemotherapy of cyclophosphamide, vincristine, DTIC, adriamycin and VM-26. Eventhough the blindness was not improved, the patient has been in good clinical codition.

Prostatic Urethral Polyp Causing Lower Urinary Tract Obstruction: Report of a Case.: Dong Heon Lee, Jun Kyu Suh, Young Soo Kim, Tong Choon Park, Hae Joo Nam, Won Hee Choi, Tae Sook Lee, Kyung Chul Lee; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 1985;2(1):249-252. Published online December 31, 1985; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.1985.2.1.249

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Abstract PDF: Polyps of the male urethra are relatively uncommon lesions, They usually arise from the prostatic urethra mostly verumontanum or just lateral to the verumontanum. Posterior urethral polyp often presents with hematuria, hemospermia and sometimes lower urinary tract obstruction. We recently experienced a pedunculated prostatic urethral polyp in a 63-year-old man who complained of gross total hematuria and difficult micturition for several years. On rectal examination the prostate was slightly enlarged with normal consistency. Excretory urogram showed a round filling defect in the right side of the bladder neck measuring about 2×2 cm in size. Cystourethroscopy revealed trabeculation of the vesical wall, mild bilateral prostatic hypertrophy and a round cystic mass with a long stalk arising from the prostatic floor 1cm. Proximal to the verumontanum which caused ball-valve obstruction in the bladder neck. This pedunculated polypoid mass was then resected at its base with resectoscope and was removed transurethrally using Lowsley's grasping forceps. The specimen was proved as fibrous polyp histologically.

Histopathological Studies on Carcinomas of the Stomach in the Taegu Area.: Suk Jae Hong, Tae Sook Lee, Won Hee Choi, Kyung Chul Lee; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 1985;2(1):65-69. Published online December 31, 1985; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.1985.2.1.65

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Abstract PDF: For evaluation on the histopathologic studies, and age and sex distribution of the gatric carcinomas in the Taegu Area, the gastrectomized and gastroscopic biopsy materials were collected at the Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, and the analyzed results were as follows: 1. In total of 350 cases of gastroscopic biopsy materials adenocarcinomas are 344 cases (98.3%), squamous cell carcinomas and undifferentiated carcinomas are only 6 cases (1.7%). In adenocarcinomas the most of all are tubular type, 215 cases (61.4%). In age distribution the highest is the 50th age group, and 120 cases (34.3%), the next 60th, 81 cases (23.1%), 40th, 76 cases (21.7%), respectively. 2. In total of 130 cases of gastrectomized materials adenocarcinomas are 127 cases (97.7%), and are the highest incidence, the next, carcinomas originated from chronic peptic ulcer of the stomach, and are 3 cases (2.3%). In adenocarcinomas the highest are tubular type, 86 cases (66.2%), the next, signet ring cell type, 20 cases (15.4%). The highest age incidence of the age group is 50th, and the next, 60th, 40th, 30th, 70th and 10th age group, respectively.

Cryosurgery in the Treatment of Keloids.: Yung Sik Jung, See Ho Choi, Jung Hyun Seul, Tae Sook Lee; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 1985;2(1):23-30. Published online December 31, 1985; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.1985.2.1.23

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Abstract PDF: Keloids are abnormally healed skin wounds that develop in the subpapillary layer of the dermis. They are a lesion with wide, raised and deep scars. They exceed the original dimensions of the wound and grow mounds upon mounds of collagen in a pseudotumor fashion. Their treatment may take several forms such as surgery, intralesional injection of steroid, compression, superficial irradiation, and combination therapy. However, absolute method is nothing until now. Recently, the cryosurgery shows relatively good effect in treatment, so we tried the clinical experience with cryosurgery in the treatment of keloids. Material and methods: During the past 2 years, we treated 20 individuals of the keloids with severe itching and pain. The age ranged from 5 to 45 years old. Only 6 cases were biopsied before and after cryotherapy. The cryosurgery set we used was Toitu model CR 201 N₂O gas (tip temperature in 80℃) and was applied directly on the lesion about 4 to 5 minutes with slight compression. After cryosurgery in keloids, the following results were obtained: 1. It is both quick and easy method. 2. It is causes little or no pain and no loss of blood. 3. Integumentary normalization is rapid. The new scar tissue is smaller, and more elastic and soft. 4. The pain, itching and paresthesia commonly associated with keloid is usually disappeared. 5. Other treatment can be used after cryosurgery. 6. Histologic picture after cryosurgery is similar with the result of steroid injection. 7. The mechanism of the cryosurgery in keloids is the result of the direct tissue destroying action and cryoimmunologic reaction.

A Case of Alveolar Rhabdomyosarcoma Originating from the Chest Wall.: Chun Dong Kim, Jeong Ok Hah, Hyun Mo Koo, Byung Ryul Choi, Han Ku Moon, Yong Hoon Park, Jin Gon Jun, Tae Sook Lee; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 1984;1(1):207-212. Published online December 31, 1984; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.1984.1.1.207

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Abstract PDF: Rhabdomyosarcoma originating from the chest wall is a rare malignant tumor in children and was considered to be guarded in prognosis previously. However, recent advances in multidisciplinary treatment of rhabdomyosarcoma in children have improved the disease free survival rate. Authors report a case of alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma, stage III, originating from the chest wall who is surviving free of disease for 15 months with aggressive chemotherapy and radiotherapy.

A Case of Hepatic Hemangioma.: Si Hwan Kim, Young Hyun Lee, Heon Ju Lee, Moon Kwan Chung, Soo Bong Choi, Chong Suhl Kim, Koing Bo Kwun, Mi Soo Hwang, Jae Chun Chang, Tae Sook Lee; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 1984;1(1):161-169. Published online December 31, 1984; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.1984.1.1.161

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Abstract PDF: Hepatic hemangioma is a benign neoplastic disease of the liver and characterized by high vascularity and accompanied with bleeding episode. We report a case of giant hepatic cavernous hemangioma and review the literature briefly. A 44-year old female patient was admitted because of palpable abdominal mass, which growing for 15 years. She was diagnosed as hepatic hemangioma by abdominal CT scan and selective celiac angiography. She was performed the left lateral segmentectomy of liver and the pathological report was cavernous hemangioma of the liver.

Morphologic Study of Renal Arteries in Rats Fed High-salt Diet.: Won Hee Choi, Tae Sook Lee; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 1984;1(1):107-113. Published online December 31, 1984; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.1984.1.1.107

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Abstract PDF: To evaluate the morphologic changes of the renal arteries in the condition of high-salt diet, we scheduled the control group which fed routine animal diet added 0.06% of Sodium chloride, low-salt group which fed with 2.0% of sodium chloride, and high-Salt group which fed with 8.0% of sodium chloride. The experimental animals were sacrificed every two weed until 20 weeks of final experimental week. The results obtained were as follow; 1. Slight intimal thickening of the renal arteries is observed from 16th experimental week and continued the end of the experiment in the rats of control group. 2. In low-salt group slight intimal thickening of the renal arteries is observed from 12th experimental week and continued to the end of the experiment. 3. In high-salt group the intimal thickening began from 6th experimental week and its degree was hasten with week, and provoked moderate to high degree of lesion at the end of the experiment. Medial proliferation and degeneration of the intima and media, though their quality is mild, also associated at the end of the experiment.

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